ٷνð û, ǹȭ " " Թ ̶ 뵿δ .
̹ α η ȭ η ñ ϰ, 츮 Բ ̺θ .η ̿ ǿ ɷ¿ ֵ ڸ , ֵ ߴ.
ǿ ִٸ 2.3 ϵ ִ ȸ ־ 츮ȸ .ȭ ˿ ʰ ̰ ϱ ִ . ġ ϱ ؼ̴.
ƿ ̺ռ ݿߴ.
̹ ٷڰ ֵ ڸ ֵ ٷνð û ȭߴ.
ٷδ ٷ û 쿡 ִ 12ð ̳ Ǹ, ش ٷ Ǹȣ ٷνðӱ ٷ ϵ ߴ.
ٷνð û Կ (η) ٷ(ӱݰ) δ ֱ ٷνð ڸ û Ǿڸ ֿ ϴ , ٷνð Ǵ ٷڿԴ ӱ Һ Ϻθ Ѵ.
Ǵ ڹ ϴ ٷڿ ȭϰ () 1 ̻ ˼, â ϵ ǹ ΰϵ Ը ̻ 忡 ؼ ǹȭϴ , ϴ ֿ ʿ ִ ٰŸ ߴ.
ڽ İ ȸ ϰų ϴ 䰡 Ͽ ȸ Ȱȭ ȸڸ ٰŸ ϱ ߴ.
ȸ νĿ ϵ .ذ Ī ⡯ ߴ.
(55̻) ذ(50̻54) ɱ 91 ʾ (09 80.3, OECD 79.5) 뵿 (68 ) ݿ ϰ, ε ذ ɱ ϴٰ νϴ ַ ۿ ɼ ν ϵ ߴ.
50 ̻ 65 ̸ , ذڸ ⡯ Ī ϵ, 뵿 Ͽ 65 ̻ ̶ ϰ ְų ǻ簡 ִ Ͽ Ī ߴ.
δ "̹ ٷڰ ֵ ڸ ִ Ӹ ƴ϶ 2 λ Ӱ ֵ ϴµ ִ"鼭 "̹ ٷڰ ɷ ִٸ ̿ ִ ȸ ϴ Ⱑ ȴ" .